Books
Gilbert, Paul (2017). Compassion: Concepts, research and applications. Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315564296
Gilbert, Paul (2016). Depression: The evolution of powerlessness, Classic edition. Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315564319
Gilbert, Paul (2016). Human nature and suffering. Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315564258
Gilbert, Paul and Miles, Jeremy (2014). Body shame: Conceptualisation, research and treatment. Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315820255
Gilbert, Paul and Bailey, Kent G. (2014). Genes on the couch: Explorations in evolutionary psychotherapy. Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315783314
Book Chapters
Kolts, Russell and Gilbert, Paul (2018). Understanding and using compassion-focused therapy in forensic settings. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Forensic Neuroscience. (pp. 725-754) Wiley Blackwell. doi: 10.1002/9781118650868.ch28
Gilbert, Paul and Woodyatt, Lydia (2017). An evolutionary approach to shame-based self-criticism, self-forgiveness, and compassion. Handbook of the Psychology of Self-Forgiveness. (pp. 29-41) Springer International Publishing. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-60573-9_3
Gilbert, Paul (2017). Exploring compassion focused therapy in forensic settings: An evolutionary and social-contextual approach. Individual Psychological Therapies in Forensic Settings: Research and Practice. (pp. 59-84) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315666136
Gilbert, Paul (2017). Compassion as a social mentality: An evolutionary approach. Compassion: Concepts, Research and Applications. (pp. 31-68) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315564296
Gilbert, Paul (2017). Compassion: Definitions and controversies. Compassion: Concepts, Research and Applications. (pp. 3-15) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315564296
Gilbert, Paul (2015). Negotiating in the world of mixed beliefs and value systems: A compassion-focused model. Handbook of International Negotiation: Interpersonal, Intercultural, and Diplomatic Perspectives. (pp. 261-278) Springer International Publishing. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-10687-8_19
Cole-King, Alys and Gilbert, Paul (2014). Compassionate care: The theory and the reality. Providing Compassionate Healthcare: Challenges in Policy and Practice. (pp. 68-84) Taylor and Francis Inc.. doi: 10.4324/9781315890180
Henderson, Lynne, Gilbert, Paul and Zimbardo, Philip (2014). Shyness, Social Anxiety, and Social Phobia. Social Anxiety: Clinical, Developmental, and Social Perspectives: Third Edition. (pp. 95-115) Elsevier Inc.. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-394427-6.00004-2
Bailey, Kent G. and Gilbert, Paul (2014). Evolutionary psychotherapy: Where to from here?. Genes on the Couch: Explorations in Evolutionary Psychotherapy. (pp. 333-348) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315783314-25
Gilbert, Paul (2014). Body shame: A biopsychosocial conceptualisation and overview, with treatment implications. Body Shame: Conceptualisation, Research and Treatment. (pp. 3-54) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315820255-8
Gilbert, Paul (2014). Social mentalities: Internal ‘social' conflict and the role of inner warmth and compassion in cognitive therapy. Genes on the Couch: Explorations in Evolutionary Psychotherapy. (pp. 118-150) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315783314-14
Allen, Nicholas B. and Gilbert, Paul (2014). Social intelligence, deception, and psychopathology: A challenge for cognitive therapy?. Genes on the Couch: Explorations in Evolutionary Psychotherapy. (pp. 151-175) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315783314-15
Goss, Kenneth and Gilbert, Paul (2014). Eating disorders, shame and pride: A cognitive-behavioural functional analysis. Body Shame: Conceptualisation, Research and Treatment. (pp. 219-255) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315820255-21
Gilbert, Paul, Bailey, Kent G. and Mc Guire, Michael T. (2014). Evolutionary psychotherapy: Principles and outline. Genes on the Couch: Explorations in Evolutionary Psychotherapy. (pp. 3-27) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315783314-8
Gilbert, Paul, Hughes, William and Dryden, Windy (2014). The therapist as a crucial variable in psychotherapy. On Becoming a Psychotherapist. (pp. 2-12) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781315796932
Gilbert, Paul (2013). Bullying in prisons: An evolutionary and biopsychosocial approach. Bullying Among Prisoners: Innovations in Theory and Research. (pp. 176-199) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9781843925750
White, Ross, Laithwaite, Heather and Gilbert, Paul (2013). Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: The role of social defeat. Psychosis and Emotion: The Role of Emotions in Understanding Psychosis, Therapy and Recovery. (pp. 177-190) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9780203759769
Gilbert, Paul (2013). An evolutionary and compassion-focused approach to dissociation. Cognitive Behavioural Approaches to the Understanding and Treatment of Dissociation. (pp. 190-205) Taylor and Francis. doi: 10.4324/9780203502082
Braehler, Christine, Harper, Janice and Gilbert, Paul (2012). Compassion Focused Group Therapy for Recovery after Psychosis. CBT for Schizophrenia: Evidence-Based Interventions and Future Directions. (pp. 235-266) John Wiley and Sons. doi: 10.1002/9781118330029.ch12
Stubbs, R. J., Gale, C., Whybrow, S. and Gilbert, P. (2012). The evolutionary inevitability of obesity in modern society: Implications for behavioral solutions to weight control in the general population. Obesity and Weight Management: Challenges, Practices and Health Implications. (pp. 29-50) Nova Science Publishers, Inc..
Gilbert, Paul (2012). Compassion-focused therapy. Cognitive Behaviour Therapies. (pp. 140-165) SAGE Publications Inc.. doi: 10.4135/9781446288368.n7
Gilbert, Paul (2011). International negotiations, evolution, and the value of compassion. Psychological and Political Strategies for Peace Negotiation: A Cognitive Approach. (pp. 15-35) Springer New York. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7430-3_2
Gilbert, Paul and Gilbert, Hannah (2011). Spiritual healing in the context of the human need for safeness, connectedness and warmth: A biopsychosocial approach. Spiritual Healing: Scientific and Religious Perspectives. (pp. 112-127) Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511973406.008
Gilbert, Paul and Tirch, Dennis (2009). Emotional memory, mindfulness and compassion. Clinical Handbook of Mindfulness. (pp. 99-110) Springer New York. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-09593-6_7
Gilbert, Paul (2008). Depression: A Biopsychosocial, Integrative, and Evolutionary Approach. Mood Disorders: A Handbook of Science and Practice. (pp. 99-142) John Wiley and Sons Ltd. doi: 10.1002/9780470696385.ch6
Gilbert, Paul and Irons, Chris (2008). Shame, self-criticism, and self-compassion in adolescence. Adolescent Emotional Development and the Emergence of Depressive Disorders. (pp. 195-214) Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511551963.011
Gilbert, Paul (2006). A biopsychosocial and evolutionary approach to formulation with a special focus on shame. Case Formulation in Cognitive Behaviour Therapy: The Treatment of Challenging and Complex Cases. (pp. 81-112) Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. doi: 10.4324/9780203965177
Allen, Nicholas B., Gilbert, Paul and Semedar, Assaf (2004). Depressed mood as an interpersonal strategy: The importance of relational models. Relational Models Theory: A Contemporary Overview. (pp. 309-334) Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. doi: 10.4324/9781410611413
Journal Articles
Sousa, Rúben, Ribeiro da Silva, Diana, Petrocchi, Nicola, Gilbert, Paul and Rijo, Daniel (2023). At the heart of change: Differences in young offenders’ HRV patterns after the delivery of the PSYCHOPATHY.COMP program. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1032011
Asano, Kenichi, Tsuchiya, Masao, Okamoto, Yoko, Ohtani, Toshiyuki, Sensui, Toshihiko, Masuyama, Akihiro, Isato, Ayako, Shoji, Masami, Shiraishi, Tetsuya, Shimizu, Eiji, Irons, Chris and Gilbert, Paul (2022). Benefits of group compassion-focused therapy for treatment-resistant depression: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 13 903842. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903842
Muftin, Zina, Gilbert, Paul and Thompson, Andrew R. (2022). A randomized controlled feasibility trial of online compassion-focused self-help for psoriasis*. British Journal of Dermatology, 186 (6), 955-962. doi: 10.1111/bjd.21020
O'Gara, Geraldine, Murray, Lisa, Georgopoulou, Sofia, Anstiss, Tim, Macquarrie, Andrew, Wheatstone, Pete, Bellman, Barbie, Gilbert, Paul, Steed, Anthony and Wiseman, Theresa (2022). SafeSpace: what is the feasibility and acceptability of a codesigned virtual reality intervention, incorporating compassionate mind training, to support people undergoing cancer treatment in a clinical setting?. BMJ Open, 12 (2) e047626, e047626. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047626
Best, Talitha, Herring, Lee, Clarke, Chantelle, Kirby, James and Gilbert, Paul (2021). The experience of loneliness: The role of fears of compassion and social safeness. Personality and Individual Differences, 183 111161, 111161. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111161
Carter, Alicia, Gilbert, Paul and Kirby, James N. (2021). A systematic review of compassion-based interventions for individuals struggling with body weight shame. Psychology and Health, 1-31. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1955118
Bennett-Levy, James, Roxburgh, Natalie, Hibner, Lia, Bala, Sunita, Edwards, Stacey, Lucre, Kate, Cohen, Georgina, O’Connor, Dwayne, Keogh, Sharmaine and Gilbert, Paul (2020). Arts-Based Compassion Skills Training (ABCST): Channelling Compassion Focused Therapy Through Visual Arts for Australia’s Indigenous Peoples. Frontiers in Psychology, 11 568561. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568561
McEwan, Kirsten, Minou, Lina, Moore, Hamish and Gilbert, Paul (2020). Engaging with distress: Training in the compassionate approach. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 27 (6), 718-727. doi: 10.1111/jpm.12630
Kim, Jeffrey J., Kent, Kirsty M., Cunnington, Ross, Gilbert, Paul and Kirby, James N. (2020). Attachment styles modulate neural markers of threat and imagery when engaging in self-criticism. Scientific Reports, 10 (1) 13776, 13776. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-70772-x
Horwood, Victoria, Allan, Steven, Goss, Kenneth and Gilbert, Paul (2020). The development of the Compassion Focused Therapy Therapist Competence Rating Scale. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 93 (2), 387-407. doi: 10.1111/papt.12230
Kim, Jeffrey J., Parker, Stacey L., Doty, James R., Cunnington, Ross, Gilbert, Paul and Kirby, James N. (2020). Neurophysiological and behavioural markers of compassion. Scientific Reports, 10 (1) 6789, 6789. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63846-3
Bell, Tobyn, Montague, Jane, Elander, James and Gilbert, Paul (2020). “A definite feel-it moment”: Embodiment, externalisation and emotion during chair-work in compassion-focused therapy. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 20 (1), 143-153. doi: 10.1002/capr.12248
Chou, Chia-Ying, Tsoh, Janice Y., Shumway, Martha, Smith, Lauren C., Chan, Joanne, Delucchi, Kevin, Tirch, Dennis, Gilbert, Paul and Mathews, Carol A. (2020). Treating hoarding disorder with compassion-focused therapy: A pilot study examining treatment feasibility, acceptability, and exploring treatment effects. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 59 (1), 1-21. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12228
Kim, Jeffrey J., Gerrish, Ruby, Gilbert, Paul and Kirby, James N. (2020). Stressed, depressed, and rank obsessed: individual differences in compassion and neuroticism predispose towards rank-based depressive symptomatology. Psychology and Psychotherapy, 94 (S2) papt.12270, 188-211. doi: 10.1111/papt.12270
Maratos, Frances A., Matos, Marcela, Albuquerque, Isabel, Wood, Wendy, Palmeira, Lara, Cunha, Marina, Lima, Margarida P. and Gilbert, Paul (2020). Exploring the international utility of progressing compassionate mind training in school settings: A comparison of implementation effectiveness of the same curricula in the UK and Portugal. Psychology of Education Review, 44 (2), 73-82. doi: 10.53841/bpsper.2020.44.2.73
Duarte, Cristiana, Stubbs, James R., Gilbert, Paul, Stalker, Carol, Catarino, Francisca, Basran, Jaskaran, Horgan, Graham and Morris, Liam (2019). The Weight-Focused Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and associations with control, loss of control of eating and weight in overweight and obese women. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 92 (4), 539-553. doi: 10.1111/papt.12196
Maratos, Frances A., Montague, Jane, Ashra, Hajra, Welford, Mary, Wood, Wendy, Barnes, Christopher, Sheffield, David and Gilbert, Paul (2019). Evaluation of a Compassionate Mind Training Intervention with School Teachers and Support Staff. Mindfulness, 10 (11), 2245-2258. doi: 10.1007/s12671-019-01185-9
Ribeiro da Silva, Diana, Rijo, Daniel, Castilho, Paula and Gilbert, Paul (2019). The Efficacy of a Compassion-Focused Therapy–Based Intervention in Reducing Psychopathic Traits and Disruptive Behavior: A Clinical Case Study With a Juvenile Detainee. Clinical Case Studies, 18 (5), 323-343. doi: 10.1177/1534650119849491
Gilbert, Paul (2019). Explorations into the nature and function of compassion. Current Opinion in Psychology, 28, 108-114. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.002
Gilbert, Paul, Basran, Jaskaran, MacArthur, Michael and Kirby, James N. (2019). Differences in the semantics of prosocial words: an exploration of compassion and kindness. Mindfulness, 10 (11), 2259-2271. doi: 10.1007/s12671-019-01191-x
Kirby, James N. and Gilbert, Paul (2019). Commentary regarding Wilson et al. (2018) “Effectiveness of ‘Self-Compassion’ Related Therapies: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” All Is Not as It Seems. Mindfulness, 10 (6), 1006-1016. doi: 10.1007/s12671-018-1088-8
Kirby, James N., Grzazek, Olivia and Gilbert, Paul (2019). The role of compassionate and self-image goals in predicting psychological controlling and facilitative parenting styles. Frontiers in Psychology, 10 (JUN) 1041, 1041. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01041
Kirby, James N., Sampson, Hayley, Day, Jamin, Hayes, Alan and Gilbert, Paul (2019). Human evolution and culture in relationship to shame in the parenting role: Implications for psychology and psychotherapy. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 92 (2), 238-260. doi: 10.1111/papt.12223
Kotera, Yasuhiro, Gilbert, Paul, Asano, Kenichi, Ishimura, Ikuo and Sheffield, David (2019). Self-criticism and self-reassurance as mediators between mental health attitudes and symptoms: Attitudes toward mental health problems in Japanese workers. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 22 (2), 183-192. doi: 10.1111/ajsp.12355
León-Palacios, María De Gracia, Garrido-Fernández, Miguel, Senín-Calderón, Cristina, Perona-Garcelán, Salvador, Gilbert, Paul and Rodríguez-Testal, Juan Francisco (2019). Evaluation of early life experiences: The eles scale and its clinical use Evaluacion de las experiencias vitales tempranas: la escala ELES y su uso clinico. Anales de Psicologia, 35 (2), 105-203. doi: 10.6018/analesps.35.2.304501
Heriot-Maitland, Charles, McCarthy-Jones, Simon, Longden, Eleanor and Gilbert, Paul (2019). Compassion focused approaches to working with distressing voices. Frontiers in Psychology, 10 (FEB) 152. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00152
Basran, Jaskaran, Pires, Claudia, Matos, Marcela, McEwan, Kirsten and Gilbert, Paul (2019). Styles of leadership, fears of compassion, and competing to avoid inferiority. Frontiers in Psychology, 9 (JAN) 2460. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02460
Petrocchi, Nicola, Dentale, Francesco and Gilbert, Paul (2019). Self-reassurance, not self-esteem, serves as a buffer between self-criticism and depressive symptoms. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 92 (3), 394-406. doi: 10.1111/papt.12186
Gilbert, Paul and Basran, Jaskaran (2019). The evolution of prosocial and antisocial competitive behavior and the emergence of prosocial and antisocial leadership styles. Frontiers in Psychology, 10 (JUN) 610. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00610
Falconer, Caroline J., Lobmaier, Janek S., Christoforou, Marina, Kamboj, Sunjeev K., King, John A., Gilbert, Paul and Brewin, Chris R. (2019). Compassionate faces: Evidence for distinctive facial expressions associated with specific prosocial motivations. PLoS ONE, 14 (1) e0210283. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210283
Matos, Marcela, Duarte, Joana, Duarte, Cristiana, Gilbert, Paul and Pinto-Gouveia, José (2018). How One Experiences and Embodies Compassionate Mind Training Influences Its Effectiveness. Mindfulness, 9 (4), 1224-1235. doi: 10.1007/s12671-017-0864-1
Kelman, Alex R., Evare, Benjamin S., Barrera, Alinne Z., Muñoz, Ricardo F. and Gilbert, Paul (2018). A proof-of-concept pilot randomized comparative trial of brief Internet-based compassionate mind training and cognitive-behavioral therapy for perinatal and intending to become pregnant women. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 25 (4), 608-619. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2185
Sommers-Spijkerman, Marion, Trompetter, Hester, ten Klooster, Peter, Schreurs, Karlein, Gilbert, Paul and Bohlmeijer, Ernst (2018). Development and validation of the forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale-Short form. Psychological Assessment, 30 (6), 729-743. doi: 10.1037/pas0000514
Ebert, Andreas, Edel, Marc-Andreas, Gilbert, Paul and Brüne, Martin (2018). Endogenous oxytocin is associated with the experience of compassion and recalled upbringing in Borderline Personality Disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 35 (1), 50-57. doi: 10.1002/da.22683
Gilbert, Paul (2017). Shame and the vulnerable self in medical contexts: The compassionate solution. Medical Humanities, 43 (4), 211-217. doi: 10.1136/medhum-2016-011159
Matos, Marcela, Duarte, Cristiana, Duarte, Joana, Pinto-Gouveia, José, Petrocchi, Nicola, Basran, Jaskaran and Gilbert, Paul (2017). Psychological and Physiological Effects of Compassionate Mind Training: a Pilot Randomised Controlled Study. Mindfulness, 8 (6), 1699-1712. doi: 10.1007/s12671-017-0745-7
Asano, Kenichi, Tsuchiya, Masao, Ishimura, Ikuo, Lin, Shuzhen, Matsumoto, Yuki, Miyata, Haruko, Kotera, Yasuhiro, Shimizu, Eiji and Gilbert, Paul (2017). The development of fears of compassion scale Japanese version. PLoS ONE, 12 (10) e0185574. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185574
Vagos, Paula, Ribeiro da Silva, Diana, Brazão, Nélio, Rijo, Daniel and Gilbert, Paul (2017). The Early Memories of Warmth and Safeness Scale for adolescents: Cross-Sample Validation of the Complete and Brief Versions. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24 (3), 793-804. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2059
Maratos, Frances A., Duarte, Joana, Barnes, Christopher, McEwan, Kirsten, Sheffield, David and Gilbert, Paul (2017). The physiological and emotional effects of touch: Assessing a hand-massage intervention with high self-critics. Psychiatry Research, 250, 221-227. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.066
Duarte, Cristiana, Stubbs, James, Pinto-Gouveia, José, Matos, Marcela, Gale, Corinne, Morris, Liam and Gilbert, Paul (2017). The Impact of Self-Criticism and Self-Reassurance on Weight-Related Affect and Well-Being in Participants of a Commercial Weight Management Programme. Obesity Facts, 10 (2), 65-75. doi: 10.1159/000454834
Pepping, Christopher A., Lyons, Anthony, McNair, Ruth, Kirby, James N., Petrocchi, Nicola and Gilbert, Paul (2017). A tailored compassion-focused therapy program for sexual minority young adults with depressive symotomatology: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychology, 5 (1) 5, 5. doi: 10.1186/s40359-017-0175-2
Carona, Carlos, Rijo, Daniel, Salvador, Céu, Castilho, Paula and Gilbert, Paul (2017). Compassion-focused therapy with children and adolescents. BJ Psych Advances, 23 (4), 240-252. doi: 10.1192/apt.bp.115.015420
Duarte, Cristiana, Matos, Marcela, Stubbs, R. James, Gale, Corinne, Morris, Liam, Gouveia, Jose Pinto and Gilbert, Paul (2017). The impact of shame, self-criticism and social rank on eating behaviours in overweight and obese women participating in a weight management programme. PLoS ONE, 12 (1) e0167571. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167571
Gale, Corinne, Schröder, Thomas and Gilbert, Paul (2017). ‘Do You Practice What You Preach?’ A Qualitative Exploration of Therapists' Personal Practice of Compassion Focused Therapy. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24 (1), 171-185. doi: 10.1002/cpp.1993
Clarke, Martin, McEwan, Kirsten, Ness, Jennifer, Waters, Keith, Basran, Jaskaran and Gilbert, Paul (2016). A descriptive study of feelings of arrested escape (entrapment) and arrested anger in people presenting to an emergency department following an episode of self-harm. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 7 (SEP) 155. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00155
Vagos, Paula, Ribeiro da Silva, Diana, Brazão, Nélio, Rijo, Daniel and Gilbert, Paul (2016). Dimensionality and measurement invariance of the Other as Shamer Scale across diverse adolescent samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 98, 289-296. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.046
Hermanto, Nicola, Zuroff, David C., Kopala-Sibley, Daniel C., Kelly, Allison C., Matos, Marcela, Gilbert, Paul and Koestner, Richard (2016). Ability to receive compassion from others buffers the depressogenic effect of self-criticism: A cross-cultural multi-study analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 98, 324-332. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.055
Cabral Master, Joana Moura, Barreto Carvalho, Célia Maria de Oliveira, Motta, Carolina Dall’Antonia, Sousa, Marina Correia and Gilbert, Paul (2016). Attitudes towards mental health problems scale: Confirmatory factor analysis and validation in the Portuguese population. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 19 (3), 206-222. doi: 10.1080/15487768.2016.1197860
McEwan, Kirsten and Gilbert, Paul (2016). A pilot feasibility study exploring the practising of compassionate imagery exercises in a nonclinical population. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 89 (2), 239-243. doi: 10.1111/papt.12078
Veale, David, Miles, Sarah, Naismith, Iona, Pieta, Maria and Gilbert, Paul (2016). Development of a compassion-focused and contextual behavioural environment and validation of the Therapeutic Environment Scales (TESS). BJPsych Bulletin, 40 (1), 12-19. doi: 10.1192/pb.bp.114.048736
Falconer, Caroline J., Rovira, Aitor, King, John A., Gilbert, Paul, Antley, Angus, Fearon, Pasco, Ralph, Neil, Slater, Mel and Brewin, Chris R. (2016). Embodying self-compassion within virtual reality and its effects on patients with depression. BJPsych Open, 2 (1), 74-80. doi: 10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.002147
Baião, Rita, Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, Kirsten and Carvalho, Sérgio (2015). Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale: Psychometric properties and normative study. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 88 (4), 438-452. doi: 10.1111/papt.12049
Kamboj, Sunjeev K., Kilford, Emma J., Minchin, Stephanie, Moss, Abigail, Lawn, Will, Das, Ravi K., Falconer, Caroline J., Gilbert, Paul, Curran, H Valerie and Freeman, Tom P. (2015). Recreational 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) or ecstasy and self-focused compassion: Preliminary steps in the development of a therapeutic psychopharmacology of contemplative practices. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 29 (9), 961-970. doi: 10.1177/0269881115587143
Duarte, Joana, McEwan, Kirsten, Barnes, Christopher, Gilbert, Paul and Maratos, Frances A. (2015). Do therapeutic imagery practices affect physiological and emotional indicators of threat in high self-critics?. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 88 (3), 270-284. doi: 10.1111/papt.12043
Gilbert, Paul (2015). An Evolutionary Approach to Emotion in Mental Health with a Focus on Affiliative Emotions. Emotion Review, 7 (3), 230-237. doi: 10.1177/1754073915576552
Veale, David, Gilbert, Paul, Wheatley, Jon and Naismith, Iona (2015). A New Therapeutic Community: Development of a Compassion-Focussed and Contextual Behavioural Environment. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 22 (4), 285-303. doi: 10.1002/cpp.1897
Gilbert, Paul (2015). The Evolution and Social Dynamics of Compassion. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 9 (6), 239-254. doi: 10.1111/spc3.12176
Matos, Marcela, Pinto-Gouveia, José, Gilbert, Paul, Duarte, Cristiana and Figueiredo, Cláudia (2015). The Other As Shamer Scale - 2: Development and validation of a short version of a measure of external shame. Personality and Individual Differences, 74, 6-11. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.037
Balsamo, Michela, Macchia, Antonella, Carlucci, Leonardo, Picconi, Laura, Tommasi, Marco, Gilbert, Paul and Saggino, Aristide (2015). Measurement of external shame: An inside view. Journal of Personality Assessment, 97 (1), 81-89. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2014.947650
Gilbert, Paul (2015). Affiliative and prosocial motives and emotions in mental health. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17 (4), 381-389.
Crawford, Paul, Brown, Brian, Kvangarsnes, Marit and Gilbert, Paul (2014). The design of compassionate care. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23 (23-24), 3589-3599. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12632
Falconer, Caroline J., Slater, Mel, Rovira, Aitor, King, John A., Gilbert, Paul, Antley, Angus and Brewin, Chris R. (2014). Embodying compassion: A virtual reality paradigm for overcoming excessive self-criticism. PLoS ONE, 9 (11) e111933. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111933
McEwan, Kirsten, Gilbert, Paul, Dandeneau, Stephane, Lipka, Sigrid, Maratos, Frances, Paterson, Kevin B. and Baldwin, Mark (2014). Facial expressions depicting compassionate and critical emotions: The development and validation of a new emotional face stimulus set. PLoS ONE, 9 (2) e88783. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088783
Gilbert, Paul (2014). The origins and nature of compassion focused therapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53 (1), 6-41. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12043
Gilbert, Paul (2014). Compassion-focused therapy: Preface and introduction for special section. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53 (1), 1-5. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12045
Veale, David and Gilbert, Paul (2014). Body dysmorphic disorder: The functional and evolutionary context in phenomenology and a compassionate mind. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 3 (2), 150-160. doi: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2013.11.005
Gale, Corinne, Gilbert, Paul, Read, Natalie and Goss, Ken (2014). An Evaluation of the Impact of Introducing Compassion Focused Therapy to a Standard Treatment Programme for People with Eating Disorders. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 21 (1), 1-12. doi: 10.1002/cpp.1806
Elander, James, Duarte, Joana, Maratos, Frances A. and Gilbert, Paul (2014). Predictors of painkiller dependence among people with pain in the general population. Pain Medicine (United States), 15 (4), 613-624. doi: 10.1111/pme.12263
Cardi, Valentina, Di Matteo, Rosalia, Gilbert, Paul and Treasure, Janet (2014). Rank perception and self-evaluation in eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 47 (5), 543-552. doi: 10.1002/eat.22261
Brown, Brian, Crawford, Paul, Gilbert, Paul, Gilbert, Jean and Gale, Corinne (2014). Practical compassions: Repertoires of practice and compassion talk in acute mental healthcare. Sociology of Health and Illness, 36 (3), 383-399. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.12065
Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, Kirsten, Catarino, Francisca, Baião, Rita and Palmeira, Lara (2014). Fears of happiness and compassion in relationship with depression, alexithymia, and attachment security in a depressed sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53 (2), 228-244. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12037
Catarino, Francisca, Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, Kirsten and Baião, Rita (2014). Compassion motivations: Distinguishing submissive compassion from genuine compassion and its association with shame, submissive behavior, depression, anxiety and stress. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33 (5), 399-412. doi: 10.1521/jscp.2014.33.5.399
Giacolini, Teodosio, Gilbert, Paul, Bonaminio, Angelo, Ferrara, Mauro, Iliceto, Paolo, Monniello, Gianluigi and Sabatello, Ugo (2013). The Italian version of the Social Comparison Rating Scale and the Submissive Behaviour Scale: Reliability and validity in a sample of adolescents. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 10 (6), 752-763. doi: 10.1080/17405629.2013.807242
Matos, Marcela, Pinto-Gouveia, José and Gilbert, Paul (2013). The effect of shame and shame memories on paranoid ideation and social anxiety. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 20 (4), 334-349. doi: 10.1002/cpp.1766
Crawford, Paul, Gilbert, Paul, Gilbert, Jean, Gale, Corinne and Harvey, Kevin (2013). The language of compassion in acute mental health care. Qualitative Health Research, 23 (6), 719-727. doi: 10.1177/1049732313482190
Carvalho, Serafim, Pinto-Gouveia, José, Pimentel, Paulo, Maia, Dulce, Gilbert, Paul and Mota-Pereira, Jorge (2013). Entrapment and defeat perceptions in depressive symptomatology: Through an evolutionary approach. Psychiatry (New York), 76 (1), 53-67. doi: 10.1521/psyc.2013.76.1.53
Braehler, Christine, Gumley, Andrew, Harper, Janice, Wallace, Sonia, Norrie, John and Gilbert, Paul (2013). Exploring change processes in compassion focused therapy in psychosis: Results of a feasibility randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 52 (2), 199-214. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12009
Kelly, Allison C., Zuroff, David C., Leybman, Michelle J. and Gilbert, Paul (2012). Social safeness, received social support, and maladjustment: Testing a tripartite model of affect regulation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36 (6), 815-826. doi: 10.1007/s10608-011-9432-5
Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., Gibbons, L., Chotai, S., Duarte, J. and Matos, M. (2012). Fears of compassion and happiness in relation to alexithymia, mindfulness, and self-criticism. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 85 (4), 374-390. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.2011.02046.x
Judge, Lorna, Cleghorn, Ailish, McEwan, Kirsten and Gilbert, Paul (2012). An exploration of group-based compassion focused therapy for a heterogeneous range of clients presenting to a community mental health team. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 5 (4), 420-429. doi: 10.1521/ijct.2012.5.4.420
Cruddas, Sarah, Gilbert, Paul and McEwan, Kirsten (2012). The relationship between self-concealment and disclosure, early experiences, attachment, and social comparison. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 5 (1), 28-37. doi: 10.1521/ijct.2012.5.1.28
McEwan, Kirsten, Gilbert, Paul and Duarte, Joana (2012). An exploration of competitiveness and caring in relation to psychopathology. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51 (1), 19-36. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.2011.02010.x
Brüne, Martin, Belsky, Jay, Fabrega, Horacio, Feierman, Jay R., Gilbert, Paul, Glantz, Kalman, Polimeni, Joseph, Price, John S., Sanjuan, Julio, Sullivan, Roger, Troisi, Alfonso and Wilson, Daniel R. (2012). The crisis of psychiatry - Insights and prospects from evolutionary theory. World Psychiatry, 11 (1), 55-57. doi: 10.1016/j.wpsyc.2012.01.009
Rockliff, Helen, Karl, Anke, McEwan, Kirsten, Gilbert, Jean, Matos, Marcela and Gilbert, Paul (2011). Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on 'Compassion Focused Imagery'. Emotion, 11 (6), 1388-1396. doi: 10.1037/a0023861
Stubbs, J., Whybrow, S., Teixeira, P., Blundell, J., Lawton, C., Westenhoefer, J., Engel, D., Shepherd, R., Mcconnon, Á, Gilbert, P. and Raats, M. (2011). Problems in identifying predictors and correlates of weight loss and maintenance: Implications for weight control therapies based on behaviour change. Obesity Reviews, 12 (9), 688-708. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00883.x
Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, Kirsten, Matos, Marcela and Rivis, Amanda (2011). Fears of compassion: Development of three self-report measures. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 84 (3), 239-255. doi: 10.1348/147608310X526511
Liotti, Giovanni and Gilbert, Paul (2011). Mentalizing, motivation, and social mentalities: Theoretical considerations and implications for psychotherapy. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 84 (1), 9-25. doi: 10.1348/147608310X520094
Ashworth, Fiona, Gracey, Fergus and Gilbert, Paul (2011). Compassion focused therapy after traumatic brain injury: Theoretical foundations and a case illustration. Brain Impairment, 12 (2), 128-139. doi: 10.1375/brim.12.2.128
Gilbert, Paul (2010). Compassion focused therapy: A special section. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 3 (2), 95-96. doi: 10.1521/ijct.2010.3.2.95
Gumley, Andrew, Braehler, Christine, Laithwaite, Heather, MacBeth, Angus and Gilbert, Paul (2010). A compassion focused model of recovery after psychosis. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 3 (2), 186-201. doi: 10.1521/ijct.2010.3.2.186
Trachsel, Manuel, Krieger, Tobias, Gilbert, Paul and Grosse Holtforth, Martin (2010). Testing a german adaption of the entrapment scale and assessing the relation to depression. Depression Research and Treatment, 2010 501782. doi: 10.1155/2010/501782
Gilbert, Paul (2010). An introduction to Compassion Focused Therapy in Cognitive Behavior Therapy. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 3 (2), 97-112. doi: 10.1521/ijct.2010.3.2.97
Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, Kirsten, Irons, Chris, Bhundia, Rakhee, Christie, Rachael, Broomhead, Claire and Rockliff, Helen (2010). Self-harm in a mixed clinical population: The roles of self-criticism, shame, and social rank. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49 (4), 563-576. doi: 10.1348/014466509X479771
Kelly, Allison C., Zuroff, David C., Foa, Clare L. and Gilbert, Paul (2010). Who benefits from training in self-compassionate self-regulation? A study of smoking reduction. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29 (7), 727-755. doi: 10.1521/jscp.2010.29.7.727
Longe, Olivia, Maratos, Frances A., Gilbert, Paul, Evans, Gaynor, Volker, Faye, Rockliff, Helen and Rippon, Gina (2010). Having a word with yourself: Neural correlates of self-criticism and self-reassurance. NeuroImage, 49 (2), 1849-1856. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.019
Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, Kirsten, Mitra, Ranjana, Richter, Anne, Franks, Leigh, Mills, Alison, Bellew, Rebecca and Gale, Corinne (2009). An exploration of different types of positive affect in students and patients with a bipolar disorder. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 6 (4), 135-143.
Richter, A., Gilbert, Paul and McEwan, K. (2009). Development of an early memories of warmth and safeness scale and its relationship to psychopathology. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 82 (2), 171-184. doi: 10.1348/147608308X395213
Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, Kirsten, Bellew, Rebecca, Mills, Alison and Corinne, Gale (2009). The dark side of competition: How competitive behaviour and striving to avoid inferiority are linked to depression, anxiety, stress and self-harm. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 82 (2), 123-136. doi: 10.1348/147608308X379806
Gilbert, Paul (2009). Introducing compassion-focused therapy. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 15 (3), 199-208. doi: 10.1192/apt.bp.107.005264
Gilbert, Paul (2009). Moving beyond cognitive behaviour therapy. Psychologist, 22 (5), 400-403.
Williams, Katie, Gilbert, Paul and McEwan, Kirsten (2009). Striving and competing and its relationship to self-harm in young adults. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 2 (3), 282-291. doi: 10.1521/ijct.2009.2.3.282
Gilbert, Paul (2008). Psychotherapies. Medicine, 36 (9), 496-498. doi: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.06.013
Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., Mitra, R., Franks, L., Richter, A. and Rockliff, H. (2008). Feeling safe and content: A specific affect regulation system? Relationship to depression, anxiety, stress, and self-criticism. Journal of Positive Psychology, 3 (3), 182-191. doi: 10.1080/17439760801999461
Rockliff, Helen, Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, Kirsten, Lightman, Stafford and Glover, David (2008). A pilot exploration of heart rate variability and salivary cortisol responses to compassion-focused imagery. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 5 (3), 132-139.
Mayhew, Sophie L and Gilbert, Paul (2008). Compassionate mind training with people who hear malevolent voices: A case series report. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 15 (2), 113-138. doi: 10.1002/cpp.566
Gilbert, Paul (2008). Improving access to psychological therapy: The Doncaster demonstration site organisational model - Commentary. Clinical Psychology Forum (181), 17-20.
Mills, A., Gilbert, Paul, Bellew, R., McEwan, K. and Gale, C. (2007). Paranoid beliefs and self-criticism in students. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 14 (5), 358-364. doi: 10.1002/cpp.537
Gilbert, Paul, Broomhead, Claire, Irons, Chris, McEwan, Kirsten, Bellew, Rebecca, Mills, Alison, Gale, Corinne and Knibb, Rebecca (2007). Development of a striving to avoid inferiority scale. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46 (3), 633-648. doi: 10.1348/014466606X157789
Birchwood, Max, Trower, Peter, Brunet, Kat, Gilbert, Paul, Iqbal, Zaffer and Jackson, Chris (2007). Social anxiety and the shame of psychosis: A study in first episode psychosis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45 (5), 1025-1037. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2006.07.011
Gilbert, Paul, Bhundia, Rakhee, Mitra, Ranjana, McEwan, Kirsten, Irons, Chris and Sanghera, Jasvinder (2007). Cultural differences in shame-focused attitudes towards mental health problems in Asian and non-Asian student women. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 10 (2), 127-141. doi: 10.1080/13694670500415124
Gilbert, Paul, McEwan, K., Hay, J., Irons, C. and Cheung, M. (2007). Social rank and attachment in people with a bipolar disorder. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 14 (1), 48-53. doi: 10.1002/cpp.508
Legg, Lesley and Gilbert, Paul (2006). A pilot study of gender of voice and gender of voice hearer in psychotic voice hearers. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 79 (4), 517-527. doi: 10.1348/147608305X70955
Gilbert, Paul and Procter, Sue (2006). Compassionate mind training for people with high shame and self-criticism: Overview and pilot study of a group therapy approach. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 13 (6), 353-379. doi: 10.1002/cpp.507
Gilbert, P., Durrant, R. and McEwan, K. (2006). Investigating relationships between perfectionism, forms and functions of self-criticism, and sensitivity to put-down. Personality and Individual Differences, 41 (7), 1299-1308. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2006.05.004
Irons, C., Gilbert, Paul, Baldwin, M. W., Baccus, J. R. and Palmer, M. (2006). Parental recall, attachment relating and self-attacking/self-reassurance: Their relationship with depression. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 45 (3), 297-308. doi: 10.1348/014466505X68230
Bellew, Rebecca, Gilbert, Paul, Mills, Alison, McEwan, Kirsten and Gale, Corinne (2006). Eating attitudes and striving to avoid inferiority. Eating Disorders, 14 (4), 313-322. doi: 10.1080/10640260600796242
Gilbert, Paul (2006). Old and new ideas on the evolution of mind and psychotherapy. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 3 (2), 139-153.
Gilbert, Paul, Irons, C., Olsen, K., Gilbert, J. and McEwan, K. (2006). Interpersonal sensitivities: Their links to mood, anger and gender. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 79 (1), 37-51. doi: 10.1348/147608305X43856
Martin, Y., Gilbert, P., Mcewan, K. and Irons, C. (2006). The relation of entrapment, shame and guilt to depression, in carers of people with dementia. Aging and Mental Health, 10 (2), 101-106. doi: 10.1080/13607860500311953
Gilbert, Paul (2006). Evolution and depression: Issues and implications. Psychological Medicine, 36 (3), 287-297. doi: 10.1017/S0033291705006112
Sloman, Leon, Farvolden, Peter, Gilbert, Paul and Price, John (2006). The interactive functioning of anxiety and depression in agonistic encounters and reconciliation. Journal of Affective Disorders, 90 (2-3), 93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2005.12.001
Gilbert, Paul, Baldwin, Mark W., Irons, Chris, Baccus, Jodene R. and Palmer, Michelle (2006). Self-criticism and self-warmth: An imagery study exploring their relation to depression. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 20 (2), 183-200. doi: 10.1891/jcop.20.2.183
Gilbert, Paul, Cheung, Mimi, Irons, Chris and McEwan, Kirsten (2005). An exploration into depression-focused and anger-focused rumination in relation to depression in a student population. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 33 (3), 273-283. doi: 10.1017/S1352465804002048
Benn, L., Harvey, J. E., Gilbert, P. and Irons, C. (2005). Social rank, interpersonal trust and recall of parental rearing in relation to homesickness. Personality and Individual Differences, 38 (8), 1813-1822. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2004.11.010
Irons, C. and Gilbert, P. (2005). Evolved mechanisms in adolescent anxiety and depression symptoms: The role of the attachment and social rank systems. Journal of Adolescence, 28 (3), 325-341. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2004.07.004
Gilbert, Paul, Boxall, M., Cheung, M. and Irons, C. (2005). The relation of paranoid ideation and social anxiety in a mixed clinical population. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 12 (2), 124-133. doi: 10.1002/cpp.438
Gilbert, Paul, Allan, S., Nicholls, W. and Olsen, K. (2005). The assessment of psychological symptoms of patients referred to community mental health teams: Distress, chronicity and life interference. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 12 (1), 10-27. doi: 10.1002/cpp.426
Gilbert, Paul (2004). A much needed macro level view: A commentary on Henriques' "psychology defined". Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60 (12), 1223-1226. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20062
Gilbert, Paul (2004). Threat, safeness, and schizophrenia: Hidden issues in an evolutionary story. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 27 (6), 858-859. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X04260198
Birchwood, Max, Gilbert, Paul, Gilbert, Jean, Trower, Peter, Meaden, Alan, Hay, Justin, Murray, Eleanor and Miles, Jeremy N. (2004). Interpersonal and role-related schema influence the relationship with the dominant 'voice' in schizophrenia: A comparison of three models. Psychological Medicine, 34 (8), 1571-1580. doi: 10.1017/S0033291704002636
Gilbert, Paul and Irons, Chris (2004). A pilot exploration of the use of compassionate images in a group of self-critical people. Memory, 12 (4), 507-516. doi: 10.1080/09658210444000115
Gilbert, Paul, Gilbert, Jean and Sanghera, Jasvinder (2004). A focus group exploration of the impact of izzat, shame, subordination and entrapment on mental health and service use in South Asian women living in Derby. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 7 (2), 109-130. doi: 10.1080/13674670310001602418
Cheung, M. S.P., Gilbert, P. and Irons, C. (2004). An exploration of shame, social rank and rumination in relation to depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 36 (5), 1143-1153. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00206-X
Gilbert, Paul, Gilbert, Jean and Irons, Chris (2004). Life events, entrapments and arrested anger in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 79 (1-3), 149-160. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00405-6
Gilbert, Paul, Clarke, M., Hempel, S., Miles, J. N.V. and Irons, C. (2004). Criticizing and reassuring oneself: An exploration of forms, styles and reasons in female students. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43 (1), 31-50. doi: 10.1348/014466504772812959
Gilbert, Paul (2004). Evolution, attractiveness, and the emergence of shame and guilt in a self-a ware mind: A reflection on tracy and robins. Psychological Inquiry, 15 (2), 132-135.
Gilbert, Paul (2004). Psychotherapies. Medicine, 32 (8), 67-69. doi: 10.1383/medc.32.8.67.43173
Gilbert, Paul and Gilbert, Jean (2003). Entrapment and arrested fight and flight in depression: An exploration using focus groups. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 76 (2), 173-188. doi: 10.1348/147608303765951203
Gilbert, Paul (2003). Evolution, social roles, and the differences in shame and guilt. Social Research, 70 (4).
Gilbert, P., Cheung, M. S.P., Grandfield, T., Campey, F. and Irons, C. (2003). Recall of threat and submissiveness in childhood: Development of a new scale and its relationship with depression, social comparison and shame. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 10 (2), 108-115. doi: 10.1002/cpp.359
Sloman, L., Gilbert, P. and Hasey, G. (2003). Evolved mechanisms in depression: The role and interaction of attachment and social rank in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 74 (2), 107-121. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00116-7
Dagnan, Dave, Trower, Peter and Gilbert, Paul (2002). Measuring vulnerability to threats to self-construction: The self and other scale. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 75 (3), 279-293. doi: 10.1348/147608302320365271
O'Connor, Lynn E., Berry, Jack W., Weiss, Joseph and Gilbert, Paul (2002). Guilt, fear, submission, and empathy in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 71 (1-3), 19-27. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00408-6
Gilbert, P., Allan, S., Brough, S., Melley, S. and Miles, J. N.V. (2002). Relationship of anhedonia and anxiety to social rank, defeat and entrapment. Journal of Affective Disorders, 71 (1-3), 141-151. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00392-5
Gilbert, P., Birchwood, M., Gilbert, J., Trower, P., Hay, J., Murray, B., Meaden, A., Olsen, K. and Miles, J. N.V. (2002). Erratum: An exploration of evolved mental mechanisms for dominant and subordinate behaviour in relation to auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia and critical thoughts in depression (Psychological Medicine (2001) vol. 31 (1117-1127)). Psychological Medicine, 32 (4). doi: 10.1017/S0033291702009625
Allan, Steven and Gilbert, Paul (2002). Anger and anger expression in relation to perceptions of social rank, entrapment and depressive symptoms. Personality and Individual Differences, 32 (3), 551-565. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00057-5
Gilbert, Paul (2002). Evolutionary approaches to psychopathology and cognitive therapy. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 16 (3), 263-294. doi: 10.1891/jcop.16.3.263.52515
Gilbert, Paul (2002). Evolution theory and cognitive therapy. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 16 (3), 259-262. doi: 10.1891/jcop.16.3.259.52518
Gilbert, P., Birchwood, M., Gilbert, J., Trower, P., Hay, J., Murray, B., Meaden, A., Olsen, K. and Miles, J. N.V. (2001). An exploration of evolved mental mechanisms for dominant and subordinate behaviour in relation to auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia and critical thoughts in depression. Psychological Medicine, 31 (6), 1117-1127. doi: 10.1017/S0033291701004093
Gilbert, P. (2001). Evolutionary approaches to psychopathology: The role of natural defences. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 35 (1), 17-27. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00856.x
Kellett, S. and Gilbert, P. (2001). Acne: A biopsychosocial and evolutionary perspective with a focus on shame. British Journal of Health Psychology, 6 (1), 1-24. doi: 10.1348/135910701169025
Gilbert, P. (2001). Depression and stress: A biopsychosocial exploration of evolved functions and mechanisms. Stress, 4 (2), 121-135. doi: 10.3109/10253890109115726
Gilbert, Paul (2001). Evolution and social anxiety: The role of attraction, social competition, and social hierarchies. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 24 (4), 723-751. doi: 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70260-4
Morrison, David and Gilbert, Paul (2001). Social rank, shame and anger in primary and secondary psychopaths. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 12 (2), 330-356. doi: 10.1080/09585180110056867
Gilbert, Paul and Miles, Jeremy N.V. (2000). Sensitivity to social put-down: It's relationship to perceptions of social rank, shame, social anxiety, depression, anger and self-other blame. Personality and Individual Differences, 29 (4), 757-774. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00230-5
Birchwood, M., Meaden, A., Trower, P., Gilbert, P. and Plaistow, J. (2000). The power and omnipotence of voices: Subordination and entrapment by voices and significant others. Psychological Medicine, 30 (2), 337-344. doi: 10.1017/S0033291799001828
Gilbert, Paul and Penis, C. (2000). Early Experiences and Subsequent Psychosocial Adaptation. An Introduction. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 7 (4), 243-245. doi: 10.1002/1099-0879(200010)7:4<243::AID-CPP254>3.0.CO;2-H
Gilbert, Paul and Miles, J. N.V. (2000). Evolution, Genes, Development and Psychopathology. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 7 (4), 246-255. doi: 10.1002/1099-0879(200010)7:4<246::AID-CPP255>3.0.CO;2-5
Gilbert, Paul (2000). The Relationship of Shame, Social Anxiety and Depression: The Role of the Evaluation of Social Rank. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 7 (3), 174-189. doi: 10.1002/1099-0879(200007)7:3<174::AID-CPP236>3.0.CO;2-U
Gilbert, P. and Gerlsma, C. (1999). Recall of shame and favouritism in relation to psychopathology. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38 (4), 357-373. doi: 10.1348/014466599162962
Wyatt, Rachael and Gilbert, Paul (1998). Dimensions of perfectionism: A study exploring their relationship with perceived social rank and status. Personality and Individual Differences, 24 (1), 71-79. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00146-3
Trower, Peter, Sherling, Georgina, Beech, John, Harrop, Chris and Gilbert, Paul (1998). The Socially Anxious Perspective in Face-to-Face Interaction: An Experimental Comparison. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 5 (3), 155-166. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0879(199809)5:3<155::aid-cpp152>3.3.co;2-b
Gilbert, Paul (1998). Evolutionary psychopathology: Why isn't the mind designed better than it is?. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 71 (4), 353-373. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1998.tb00998.x
Gilbert, P. (1998). Preface and outline. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 71 (4), 351-352. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1998.tb00997.x
Gilbert, Paul and Allan, Steven (1998). The role of defeat and entrapment (arrested flight) in depression: An exploration of an evolutionary view. Psychological Medicine, 28 (3), 585-598. doi: 10.1017/S0033291798006710
Gilbert, Paul (1998). The evolved basis and adaptive functions of cognitive distortions. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 71 (4), 447-463. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1998.tb01002.x
Gilbert, Paul (1997). The evolution of social attractiveness and its role in shame, humiliation, guilt and therapy. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 70 (2), 113-147. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1997.tb01893.x
Allan, Steven and Gilbert, Paul (1997). Submissive behaviour and psychopathology. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36 (4), 467-488. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1997.tb01255.x
Gilbert, Paul, Allan, Steven and Goss, Kenneth (1996). Parental representations, shame, interpersonal problems, and vulnerability to psychopathology. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 3 (1), 23-34. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0879(199603)3:1<23::aid-cpp66>3.3.co;2-f
Gilbert, P., Allan, S. and Trent, D. (1996). A short measure of social and separation anxiety. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 69 (2), 155-161. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01860.x
Gilbert, P., Allan, S., Ball, L. and Bradshaw, Z. (1996). Overconfidence and personal evaluations of social rank. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 69 (1), 59-68. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1996.tb01850.x
Gilbert, Paul, Allan, Steven and Trent, Dennis R. (1995). Involuntary subordination or dependency as key dimensions of depressive vulnerability?. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51 (6), 740-752. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(199511)51:6<740::AID-JCLP2270510604>3.0.CO;2-#
Gilbert, Paul (1995). Biopsychosocial approaches and evolutionary theory as aids to integration in clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2 (3), 135-156. doi: 10.1002/cpp.5640020302
Gilbert, Paul (1995). Power, social rank and depression: Comments on Price & Gardner. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 68 (3), 211-215. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1995.tb01829.x
Allan, Steven and Gilbert, Paul (1995). A social comparison scale: Psychometric properties and relationship to psychopathology. Personality and Individual Differences, 19 (3), 293-299. doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(95)00086-L
Gilbert, Paul, Price, John and Allan, Steven (1995). Social comparison, social attractiveness and evolution: How might they be related?. New Ideas in Psychology, 13 (2), 149-165. doi: 10.1016/0732-118X(95)00002-X
Gilbert, Paul and Allan, Steven (1994). Assertiveness, submissive behaviour and social comparison. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33 (3), 295-306. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1994.tb01125.x
Allan, S., Gilbert, P. and Goss, K. (1994). An exploration of shame measures-II: psychopathology. Personality and Individual Differences, 17 (5), 719-722. doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90150-3
Goss, K., Gilbert, P. and Allan, S. (1994). An exploration of shame measures-I: The other as Shamer scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 17 (5), 713-717. doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90149-X
Gilbert, P., Pehl, J. and Allan, S. (1994). The phenomenology of shame and guilt: An empirical investigation. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 67 (1), 23-36. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1994.tb01768.x
Price, J., Sloman, L., Gardner Jr., R., Gilbert, P. and Rohde, P. (1994). The social competition hypothesis of depression. British Journal of Psychiatry, 164 (MAR.), 309-315. doi: 10.1192/bjp.164.3.309
Sloman, L., Price, J., Gilbert, P. and Gardner, R. (1994). Adaptive function of depression: Psychotherapeutic implications. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 48 (3), 401-416. doi: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1994.48.3.401
Gilbert, Paul (1993). Defence and safety: Their function in social behaviour and psychopathology. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 32 (2), 131-153. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1993.tb01039.x
Gilbert, Paul (1992). Defense, Safe(ty) and Biosocial Goals in Relation to the Agonic and Hedonic Social Modes. World Futures, 35 (1-3), 31-70. doi: 10.1080/02604027.1992.9972316
Reynolds, Shirley and Gilbert, Paul (1991). Psychological Impact of Unemployment: Interactive Effects of Vulnerability and Protective Factors on Depression. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 38 (1), 76-84. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.38.1.76
Gilbert, Paul and Reynolds, Shirley (1990). The relationship between the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Beck's concepts of sociotropy and autonomy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 29 (3), 319-325. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1990.tb00888.x
Trower, Peter and Gilbert, Paul (1989). New theoretical conceptions of social anxiety and social phobia. Clinical Psychology Review, 9 (1), 19-35. doi: 10.1016/0272-7358(89)90044-5
Gilbert, P. (1986). Depression in relation to cognitive psychobiology and behavioural strategies. British Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 4 (2), 2-13.
Gilbert, P. (1986). Cognitive psychotherapy and social behaviour strategies. British Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 4 (2), 14-20.
Conference Paper
Gilbert, Paul (2019). Psychotherapy for the 21st century: An integrative, evolutionary, contextual, biopsychosocial approach. Wiley-Blackwell. doi: 10.1111/papt.12226